Understanding Polynomials in Algebra

Polynomials are algebraic expressions that include real numbers and variables. Division and square roots cannot be involved in the variables. The variables can only include addition, subtraction and multiplication. Polynomials contain more than one term. Polynomials are the sums of monomials. A monomial has one term: 5y or -8x2  or 3.A binomial has two terms: -3x2  2, or 9y - 2y2A trinomial has 3 terms: -3x2  2 3x, or 9y - 2y2  y The degree of the term is the exponent of the variable: 3x2  has a degree of 2.When the variable does not have an exponent - always understand that theres a 1 e.g.,  1x Example of Polynomial in a Equation x2  - 7x - 6   (Each part is a term and x2  is referred to as the leading term.) Term Numerical Coefficient x2-7x-6 1 -7 -6 8x2 3x -2 Polynomial 8x-3 7y -2 NOT a Polynomial The exponent is negative. 9x2 8x -2/3 NOT a Polynomial Cannot have division. 7xy Monomial Polynomials are usually written in decreasing order of terms. The largest term or the term with the highest exponent in the polynomial is usually written first. The first term in a polynomial is called a leading term. When a term contains an exponent, it tells you the degree of the term. Heres an example of a three term polynomial: 6x2  - 4xy 2xy — This three term polynomial has a leading term to the second degree. It is called a second degree polynomial and often referred to as a trinomial.9x5  - 2x 3x4  - 2  Ã¢â‚¬â€ This 4 term polynomial has a leading term to the fifth degree and a term to the fourth degree. It is called a fifth degree polynomial.3x3  Ã¢â‚¬â€ This is a one term algebraic expression which is actually referred to as a monomial. One thing you will do when solving polynomials is combine like terms. Like  terms: 6x 3x - 3x NOT  like terms: 6xy 2x - 4 The first two terms are like and they can be combined: 5x2  2x2  - 3 Thus: 10x4  - 3 Now youre ready to start adding polynomials.

Slavery, Slavery And End The Most Brutal Piece Of American...

Slavery began in the United States as soon as the first Europeans stepped foot on the land. Many people had numerous hardships and losses because of this brutal part of American history. These slaves would lose every aspect of their lives including their spouses, children, and religion, and the only thing they gained was the scars on their backs from the beatings their owners brought upon them. Slavery lasted for over a century in the United States, and it was not until Thomas Jefferson’s Northwest Ordinance that any change was attempted. Preceding Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln contributed to end slavery with the Emancipation Proclamation and the Thirteenth Amendment, Andrew Johnson followed with the Fourteenth Amendment, and finally, Ulysses†¦show more content†¦However, they did have black slaves, especially in Maryland, Missouri, Kentucky, and Delaware. Even the states that everyone knows to be against slavery quietly took part in it in their northern factories. The south is the slavery that everyone knows of with slaves from Africa who are born into their lives of torture. These slaves worked on the plantations and were never able to gain freedom from their lives as slaves. They worked in treacherous working conditions and masters owned them. Their masters could sell them whenever they wanted to and whipped them constantly, sometimes for no reason. Families split up, religion was lost, and scars spread across the slaves backs from the harsh whips. Thomas Jefferson wanted to put an end to this form of slavery, so he proposed a document that would do so. The first sign of free lives in the United States began in the 1787 with the Northwest Ordinance. Thomas Jefferson proposed the document that stated that any state northwest of the Ohio River would be equal to the original thirteen states and would not permit slavery (â€Å"Primary Documents,† 2015a). This document also allowed settlers to expand their territories and make profits to help with national debt. The northerners were happy with this new Ordinance because they would not have to compete with slave labor while the southerners were happy because it would lead to slave

Social Media Advertising Free Essays

Internet Advertising: Social Networking First Name Last Name BUS 123 Introduction To Advertising Dr. First name and last name September 26, 2010 Internet Advertising Now more than ever, small businesses can promote themselves online by targeting customers and expanding their networks, often for little or no cost. Businesses can promote themselves through a variety of techniques such as targeting customers by demographics, contributing to online discussions and drawing attention to new services. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Media Advertising or any similar topic only for you Order Now Advertising in the 21st century has become very versatile because of various online social websites like Facebook and Twitter, along with other blog atmosphere websites like Pinterest and Craigslist. In the last decade, the explosion of technological advances has produced unprecedented events in the history of mankind. One of them is the Internet and its conversion into a new medium for marketing and the use of social communication in advertising. Inevitably, the internet has changed our lives. In  traditional media, newspapers, radio  and television  can cause information overload  and change the perception  of the audience (Janoschka, 2004). The  Internet is not  exempt from this  danger, but  has the potential to  do something different,  because  it can directly reach  the target audience  and interact with it. A function of memory is to forget, especially information that is not significant. The challenge of advertising is to make you remember the ads. The purpose is to sell. The good publicity convinces the viewer to buy the product. This requires creating an attractive brand image and strengthening it with each ad. Advertising employs both verbal and nonverbal elements that are composed to fill specific space and time formats determined by the sponsor. Advertising reaches people through a channel of communication referred to as a medium. Today, technology enables advertising to reach its’ target audience efficiently through the Internet. In the 1990’s, the Internet became a major part of American society and is the fastest growing type of advertising. Its more than just banner ads, it means large format interactive ads, search-engine marketing, creating special promo videos for web download and supporting TV ads with online sites. Communication among people all over the world is effortless, and information on almost any topic is just a few keystrokes away. As a public global platform open to all kinds of information, entertainment, and communication, one of which is online advertising, it has become the latest mass medium. † (Janoschka, 2004). Internet technology allows delivering the right message to the right person at the right time while helping advertisers to reach their audience. From  the moment the   surfer  enters  the web to search for information, pop ups appear allowing the audience to subscribe to  mailing lists that  will send  continuous  news, promotions, articles, etc. , depending on   their preferences. This allows the  seller  to better  reach its target  and maintain  continuous  communication  in the shortest  time possible. .Most online ads do not come to you as an individual, but by your interests in various subjects, your location or, in general, by your behavior during internet navigation. In most countries, it is possible to divide the audience by geographic area based on IP address, which facilitates advertising companies that offer products and services in those areas. Websites use demographic data to learn more their audience. When registering with a portal or website, you normally provide certain personal information such as your age, gender, hobbies, etc. With this information, websites offer relevant content and advertisements based on the information provided. Some companies specialize in a data collection process known as behavioral advertising which matches ads to the interests of users based on their surfing habits. As users browse, advertisers collect data on their online activity: sites visited, time spent on each ad shown, ads that were clicked, when and how often you click on the banners. Today, cookies are tools that allow advertisers to target advertising to specific audiences and segments. Compared  with traditional media  the cost of  internet advertising is  extremely low, and  because of its effectiveness  and its high potential for growth, it is  ideal  for small  and medium businesses that  do not have large  resources to invest  in other media. Then the questions  arise: how  to advertise  online? What is the  correct way  to? There is no  magic formula  that a media planner can you use but here are some suggestions. Due to the internet being global, the network gives the possibility to reach all audiences in the world. With internet advertising one must  include,  email,  search engine  registration, and banners which are  ads with  motion graphics which  are located in different  sites  of the network  as a gateway  input  to a website. Using email as a form of advertisement is easy and free. All that is required is to sign up for email with your internet  service provider  or a  free  mail  server  such as Yahoo  mail or Gmail and send emails to  the potential  customers with  offers  or information  on products. According to Arens, â€Å"Google is the most popular destination on the web reaching an astonishing 40 percent of all Web users each day† (pg 337). Search engines are only responsible for registering portal websites and their content and then delivery the results to the users who made requests for information. The following is an example of how a search engine works. A user uses the search engine  of their choice and  asks to find  companies  that export  tomatoes. The search engine will  send  in response  with a list of websites of companies  that fulfill  the request and  then the user can  enter  the different sites  to see  what they need and select the company that  meets  their requirements. The  banner system  is  one means  of internet advertising  that is more effective: You can choose  the categories  to be displayed and  include descriptive words  to detect  if the user is  looking for that particular product. The  banners  are similar to the  rotating  banner  but  the difference is that  the user can interact  with them. As in any  project,  internet advertising  should begin  by  making  a strategic plan. The result will be  better planning of  a website and  the ability to maintain  the user’s attention  and customer loyalty. The presence of internet advertising will be an excellent complement to traditional media advertising and may end up becoming one of the priorities of advertisers. For now, more and more ads in the media show the direction taken by advertisers along with customer care and other services of interest. User forums, blogs  and  social networking  sites like Facebook and Twitter  are invaluable resources  for monitoring  companies’ reputations  and interests of  consumers of services and  products. Facebook is the largest social network in the world with more than 500 million people connected to each other. Facebook has not surpassed Yahoo! o be the second most popular site on the web behind Google. Facebook’s popularity has increased due to the ability to connect individuals without geographical barriers. The uniqueness of Facebook allows people to meet virtually to discuss and share their interests with each other (Arens, Schaefer, Weigold, 2011). There a re 60 million status updates posted every day in over 65 languages. Facebook’s audience is far superior to any other mass medium like TV channels, radio or press Facebook has revolutionized advertising not only by the size of its audience, but also by the engineering behind its operation. It allows an analytical and intelligent marketing to reach the precise target audience through market segmentation according to gender, age, geographic location, country, city and locality, educational level, likes, interests, product preferences, favorite activities, favorite programs and language. For example, it is now possible to know without extensive market research which countries have the largest number of youth between 18 and 35 years and who love rock music, football and a certain brand of beer. Having a presence in social media is a must have for most brands. Facebook created Pages for businesses to post information about their services or products. When using a search engine, your Facebook Page will be one of the main results of your search. Consumers have tremendous power and influence on a brand and trust recommendations of other consumers they don’t know. According to Barefoot, â€Å"Groups and applications gain popularity one friend of a friend of a friend at a time† (Barefoot, pg 174). The result is friends becoming fans or joining groups encouraging them to purchase a product or service that is being discussed or advertised. Twitter is still a very popular social media networking site, although adoption is declining. Compared to Facebook, Twitter has 50 million tweets created each day and the average Twitter account has an average of 300 followers. Social networking is important to marketers because it gives them the opportunity to show customers that they are listening to what they have to say about a brand or product and respond accordingly. The possibilities are endless. It is common for  organizations to provide direct consumer  messages  daily  on Twitter, maintain  a Facebook page, or depending  on your industry  also  a profile  on MySpace. Social networking has completely changed the way we communicate with each other. Everyone has a voice and an outlet to reach millions of people instantly with either Facebook or Twitter. The internet  is  an advertising medium  with a great future  because it is interactive  can be customized or  delivered to users  according to their  preferences. There is  immediate feedback  and can communicate  directly  with users  to resolve their doubts and  concerns and with  a global reach. The internet  brings  great potential  for use in  the field  of marketing, market research,  direct marketing,  sales promotion, trade mail and, of course,  advertising communication. As a society  we must be prepared  to confront and  take advantage of  the opportunities  this new technology  gives us. References Arens,W. , Schaefer, D. , Weigold, M. (2012). Advertising. McGraw Hill Irwin. New York How to cite Social Media Advertising, Papers

Volunteer Work free essay sample

Volunteering is an act whereby a person gives out personal time to do something good without gaining any financial rewards. This is ‘classical’ meaning which has changed by social transformations into new volunteering in recent years. The volunteers now have specific expectations and also volunteering has become project orientated ( Rehberg, 2005). METHODS FINDINGS The purpose of the study was to find why Australians do volunteering and three themes were found and these are volunteering, family and costs or rewards. Volunteering The participants were asked what the volunteer work means and majority said it means giving up personal time in order to help without gaining any benefits: Giving up my time to help others less fortunate than myself. (Ken) To me volunteer work is work that you do that you are not paid for and that benefits others, the problem is that I don’t think volunteer work is valued enough. For instance, a friend of mine worked in a community centre for over 20 years. (Phoebe) All of them did not just know the meaning of volunteering; they have actually done some sort of volunteering: Yes I have been volunteering for the past five years at a nursing home. (Mary) When I was much younger I used to help organize the church Saturday Night Socials that we put on for the younger members of the parish. (Fredrick) The study found the typical volunteers are people who have time,and can avoid to work without pay and most of all are with community-minded spirit are and generous: Well, as I said, someone with a community-minded spirit and plenty of spare time. I don’t know of any people who do volunteer work who are working full-time. What with kids and commitments, there just isn’t enough time if you’re working. ( Fredrick) They are passionate about a cause and devote all their spare time to it. They are selfless, generous hearted, hardworking with a tad bit of martyr going on I think. Not someone like me! (Grace) Probably someone who has time and is financially secure enough that they can work without making money. One typical worker is probably the older woman in her 60-70s. Some people do volunteering due to connection to the project or even due to that their family has volunteer in the cause: Where I volunteer there are many women like me who had relatives (my Mum was there) at the nursing home and visited regular†¦When their relatives passed away they continued coming to help out, maybe just to keep in touch. (Mary) You often hear about people who have had an illness or lost a child or whatever, they end-up volunteering for a related cause. (Mary) Often volunteers are connected in some way to their cause – through a family connection( Bernadatte) The study also found that most of people who do international volunteering are young people and so many of them are found to be exceptional, passionate and amazing to be doing this: Helping others in a different country must be an amazing feeling and Louise must be an exceptional person to do this type of work. ( Ken) I think it is great to see young people helping out in these poor countries. ( Mary) Louise clearly has a passion for conservation having traveled internationally. Time In order to volunteer someone has to has time to do so. Some of the volunteers are retired people who are looking to feel the time an still see the volunteering as sort of work : I guess most people who volunteer are retired and have the time to spend on it. (Mary) You thoughts about Katie and her volunteer work? I don’t want to be rude, but she looks like someone who is â€Å"in retirement. What takes most time, how much time spend on work, family ,leisure etc†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦? But no, I guess I see my volunteer work as work. And I suppose you need to have a bit of spare time too – you can’t really dedicate a lot of time to volunteer work if you don’t have it in the first place. ( Fredrick) There is worry about the sustainability of the projects done in developing countries by international volunteers when they leave: It depends on whether the project is going to be sustainable when she leaves, from the photo she seems to be involved with the community, but I guess she won’t be living there for a long time so whatever she is doing needs to be making a difference after she’s gone. Also the study find out that some of the people are wondering if the volunteers can use the money speeding for international volunteering for the communities in their countries, like helping in local church among others : You have to wonder if she could be more useful spending the money and time that got her to Sri Lanka on helping communities here? I spend about a day a week running the community crafts group, a day every second week I volunteer for the Tourist Welcome centre, and also about a day a week representing consumers and carers on various Mental Health committees. In an average week I spend about 12 hours looking after injured wildlife(Bernadette) Costs or Rewards or Motivator As said that volunteering is unpaid work most people believe they can get their rewards by being shown appreciation, recognition and even small gestures: The most important thing I think volunteers should be offered is recognition, there is such a materialistic focus in our society that volunteer work isn’t valued at all, its seem as somehow lesser than the work people get paid for which I think it is wrong, volunteers should be valued more precisely because they are not getting paid for working. You don’t volunteer to be thanked, but it is good to know that your effort is acknowledged and appreciated. You need to know you actually did something. (Anna) For example, I got a lovely letter last week from the sister of a gentleman who has been shuffled between the Townsville hospital and the police cells because noone would take responsibility and get him the help he needed. (Bernadette) The issue of costs was discussed and it was found that in case of the small costs like petrol prices there should deduction from tax, or the organization should refund the costs or sometimes the volunteer can seek sponsorship: Out-of-pocket expenses for volunteers can add up particularly petrol prices these days. Maybe volunteer work could be seen as paid work by the government and petrol and other expenses could be claimed via taxes rather than out of the organisation’s ‘kitty’(Ken) Maybe if you’re a registered volunteer you should have concessions for things like transport. (Mary) But then volunteers can often take part in getting sponsorships etc.. to assist with costs or travel. (Grace) DISCUSSION References Rehberg, W. (2005). Altruistic Individualists: Motivations for International Volunteering Among Young Adults in Switzerland. Voluntas: International Journal Of Voluntary Nonprofit Organizations, 16(2), 109-122. doi:10. 1007/s11266-005-5693-5

The Prince By Niccolo Machiavelli (1469-1532) Essays -

The Prince by Niccolo Machiavelli (1469-1532) The Prince by Niccolo Machiavelli (1469-1532) Type of Work: Political and philosophical discourse Book Overveiw "It is customary for those who wish to gain the favour of a prince to endeavour to do so by offering him gifts of those things which they hold most precious." To Machiavelli, his own most precious possession was the "knowledge of great men," which he acquired through experience and "constant study." He offered his guiding gift of knowledge to his prince, Lorenzo the Magnificent Di Medici. "All states and dominions which hold or have held sway over mankind are either republics or monarchies." Thus begins his primer for princes, combining his detailed training, logic and imagination to teach how political power may be obtained and "how the various kinds of monarchies can be governed and maintained." For the monarch who acquires a new state, there are many difficulties. According to Machiavelli, "Men change masters willingly [but a prince will] find enemies in all those whom you have injured by occupying that dominion." Moreover, those who have helped you in taking the new territory will stray from your camp because you cannot fulfill their expectations nor can you "use strong measures against them." Hence, "you will always need the favour of the inhabitants to take possession of a province." If a prince has the support of his new subjects, his position will be relatively secure. When new provinces share the same nationality and language as the prince's main dominion, then "it is very easy to hold them." However, if great differences in language and customs exist, "the difficulties to be overcome are great." The best way to overcome such differences is for the new ruler to set up residence in the principality. This enables a prince to keep close watch on his state and to quickly resolve any troubles as they arise. The next best option is to "plant colonies in one or two key places." Colonies have several advantages: They are inexpensive and are far "more faithful, and give less offence," because those few landowners who are dispossessed are too weak and scattered to fight back. Maintaining a new state by posting armed guards is the least favorable method. "The kingdoms known to history have been governed in two ways: either by a prince and his servants [ministers]; or by a prince and by barons." In the latter case, ruling is burdensome; barons have subjects of their own and are accustomed to exerting authority. In conquering a state, a prince can easily find barons who will join a movement to overthrow their king; but once the region is conquered it will be difficult to hold, since the barons may again band together to overthrow their new prince. On the other hand, "in those states which are governed by a prince and his servants, the prince possesses more authority." Princes acquire power by a number of methods: by good fortune, ability, villainy, or by "the favour of his fellow-citizens, which may be called a civic principality." If a villain-prince conquers a state, he "must arrange to commit all his cruelties at once, so as not to have to recur to them everyday and so as to be able ... to reassure people and win them over by benefiting them." In instances when a prince has been elevated to power by his fellow-citizens, authority is conferred either by the aristocracy or by the populace. However, " he who becomes prince by help of the aristocracy has greater difficulty in maintaining his power than he who is raised by the populace," for the aristocracy rarely relinquishes complete power and often has the means to usurp a prince's authority. The wise prince gains and maintains control of principalities both by "good laws and good arms."For these reasons an understanding of the various types of armies is essential. "The arms by which a prince defends his possessions are either his own, or else mercenaries, auxiliaries, or mixed." It is a mistake to employ mercenaries. They are"useless and dangerous" and cannot be trusted; "disunited, ambitious, without discipline, faithless ... they have no fear of God and keep no faith with men." Likewise with the services of auxiliaries (powerful neighboring troops used for defense). Except in the most extreme case, it is wise to shy away from their aid. "If any one ... wants to make sure of not winning he will avail himself of troops such as these." Both mercenary and auxiliary armies can turn on a prince: "If they lose, you are defeated, and if they conquer, you remain their prisoner." His own subjects serve

Input Devices and Their Uses Essay Example

Input Devices and Their Uses Essay Example Input Devices and Their Uses Essay Input Devices and Their Uses Essay An input device is any hardware component that allows you to enter data, programs, commands, and user responses into a computer. Input devices include the keyboard, pointing devices, scanners and reading devices, digital cameras, audio and video input devices for physically challenged use MOUSE The mouse is an input device that is used to control the movement of the pointer on the screen and to make selections from the screen. She top of the mouse has one to four buttons.Some also have a small wheel. The bottom of a mouse is flat and contains a multidirectional mechanism and usually a small ball. [pic] KEYBOARD Most of today’s desktop computer keyboards are an enhanced keyboard, which means they have twelve function keys along the top, two CTRL keys, two ALT keys, and a set of arrow and additional keys between the typing area and the numeric keypad. [pic] CAMERA Digital camera allows you to take pictures and store the photographed images digitally instead of on traditional film.With some digital cameras, you down load, or transfer a copy of, the stored pictures to your computer by connecting a cable between the digital camera and your computer and using special software included with the camera. With other digital cameras, the pictures are stored directly on a floppy disk or on PC card. [pic] MICROPHONE [pic] The microphone is ideal for all voice application, including internet phone and chat, video conferencing or editing, language labs, voice command and control, and speech dictation. MOHIB AHMED Output DevicesOutput devices are things we use to get information OUT of a computer. Here are some examples of output devices. , | | |numbers, and graphics can be | | |seem. The monitor is the | | |most common output device. | | |Compact Disk Some compact |[pic] | |disks can be used to put | | |information on.This is | | |called burning information to| | |a CD. | | |NOTE: A CD can also be an | | |input device. | | |Printer A printer prints |[pic] | |whatever is on the monitor | | |onto paper. Printers can , numbers, or | | |pictures. | |Speaker A speaker gives you|[pic] | |sound output from your | | |computer. Some speakers are | | |built into the computer and | | |some are separate. | | |Disk Drives A disk drive is|[pic] | |used to record information | | |from the computer onto a | | |floppy disk or CD. | |Floppy Disk A floppy disk |[pic] | |is used to record information| | |on. The information is | | |stored on the floppy disk and| | |can be used later or used on | | |another computer. | |Headphones Headphones give |[pic] | |sound output from the | | |computer. They are similar | | |to speakers, except they are | | |worn on the ears so only one | | |person can hear the output at| | |a time. | |

Union Citizenship - metaphor or source of rights Essay

Union Citizenship - metaphor or source of rights - Essay Example Union Citizenship - metaphor or source of rights? The present EU law does not define whether the citizenship of EU will cover those non-citizen individuals who are residing in a Member States for long years. In Rudy case, the concept of citizenship to offer rights for free movement, the Court of Justice has been reluctant to confer â€Å"quasi-citizenship† rights to nationals of third countries who are residing in the Union for many years. Thus, the law relating to EU citizenship seems to be in the infancy stage where a lot of reform has to be undertaken to plug the existing loophole that is found in the present EU citizenship rules and to make the EU as a whole as a borderless territory. Reich is of the opinion that the phrase â€Å"EU citizenship â€Å" has not been defined exactly and due to this , there are flooding of case laws as regards to free movement and social rights for non-citizens living in EU for many years. Reich is of the view that citizenship can be defined as â€Å"full membership of the community â€Å"which offers a package of rights, which consists of social, civic and political rights. Reich is more concerned about the rights of third nationals who are residing in the EU Member States for long years. He is of the view that EU citizenship should not be decided merely on the citizenship of Member States but also should include those who are residing in a Member States for many years. Reich insi sts that there should not be any non-discrimination for granting citizenship to those who residing in a Member State for many years as compared to those who are having natural citizenship. Reich is of the view that citizenship should be awarded both on the status path and on the rights path. Reich prefers that union citizenship as a simile with some valued added to it. Reich cites the verdict in Micheletti case, where EU citizenship is derived from the condition of nationality. The EU has no authority to grant citizenship as an outcome of nationality. The citizenship in the EU Member State has to be recognised Union-wide even where an individual who had a dual citizenship as held in Micheletti case As per Reich, for contrasting between the duties and rights of Member States’ nationals in the European Union, nationality should not be considered as a criterion unless there exists some particular variety of cross-border disputes that inflicts different norms. In concluding part, Reich is of the opinion that the question – Union Citizenship – Whether Metaphor or source of Rights – can be found to be positive only to a restricted degree. Reich is of the opinion that citizenship seems to be like a baby in a cradle who is in deep sleep who has to be awakened by a gentle kiss by the direct impact of community law. 2.How has the law relating to Union Citizenship developed since the publication of the article in 2001? ( 900 words) As per Siofra O’ Leary, there is a failure to make an obvious connection between ambit and operation of the community citizenship with that of fundamental rights of EU citizen. EU citizenship offers the following rights; right of unrestricted movement , right to stand for election both for municipal and EU parliament , the right to petition , the right of consular and diplomatic protection , the right of petition and safeguard by the Ombudsman of the European Parliament. However, EU citizenship is not essenti al for enjoying certain rights for those who reside in EU Member States like directives on consumer, worker, environmental protection and data. The same will hold true in the case of both European and International conventions either on the aspect of conflict of laws or on jurisdictions. Thus,

Mentos and a Full Moon Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Mentos and a Full Moon - Essay Example The contact with the solution happens only when the string is introduced into the top of the bottle. The reaction can be repeated. One must take into account the underlying chemistry and physics. Physics is more dominant. Temperature and pressure must be considered. In addition the surface are and time will have an impact. This means the doubling or halving of the material will be directly proportional to the intensity of the reaction. Any similar cola will produce similar results. If there is or is not has not been established clearly. When we consider humans we must realize that there is more than the physical side. There is the will and the emotion. And then there is the spiritual. These all taken together make up the person of the human. This makes the human a very complex being. This reality gives a uniqueness of humans as a specie. It is possible to deduce that the physical aspect of humans is affected by the moon phase. It is not wise to say that man is helpless in the influence. We must recognize that man has a will. This will of man can overcome many influences. A scientific approach generally fits the grid. The grid has four components. They are observation, hypothesis, prediction and test. The challenge is in the observation test phase. People have to decide what is important and how to measure. This is a particular problem of the social sciences.. Different people will have different emphases. Both articles have a scientific approach. There is a more historical emphasis. This is evidenced by the following statement. That was all the Congress needed to kill the project and suppress the report. (Townley, J. (1997). The other source uses a more scientific approach considering the grid. Tropical astrology is the most popular form and it assigns its readings based on the time of the year (Carroll, R. 2006). This is one of many points that show an attempt consider many different aspects objectively in coming to a

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 164

Assignment Example The value is to be recorded as $215,000 on the debit side, whereas $90,000 is to be credited. According to Jivraj, the customized computer should have been recorded as a miscellaneous expense, but the product, whether with resale value or not is an asset and thus a crediting of the assets account (computers) should have been emphasized by Juma. Additionally, depreciation was to be recorded by division of the total value by six years, as a straight line method was used to evaluate the value of the transaction. The value of the building should not be recorded both in terms of lower costs and fair value, but rather should be recorded as appreciation or depreciation in the capital gains account. Juma and Jivraj have widely varying ways to record these transactions. The transaction does not involve the exchange of cash and thus should not be recorded as three separate expenses which will be credited thrice. However, the total value is to be recorded in both accounts as $60,000. It can only be recorded in the accounts receivable accounts. Additionally, the amount should not be recorded as an amount received as Jivraj proposes, but rather a different approach should be recorded, such as the inclusion of the expense and recording it in the accounts payable as well. The written sales order should not be recorded according to Juma because there has been no exchange of cash. However, this transaction can be recorded as inventory for the computers. However, another approach that can be used is recording these transactions in the accounts receivables bracket. The main reason this is the case is due to the fact that the amount of cash has not exchanged hands and Jivraj records the amount as if it has already

Recognition of Types of Abuse and Neglect

Recognition of Types of Abuse and Neglect Current guidelines and safeguarding concerns Recognition of types of abuse and neglect. My setting is committed to promoting awareness of child abuse issues throughout its training and learning programmes for adults. They are committed to empowering young children, through its early childhood curriculum, promoting their right to be strong, resilient and listened to. The Staff have undertaken relevant and up to date safeguarding and child protection training through induction and specific safeguarding training as required by the London Borough of Islington. Training for all staff is updated every three years as required and every two years for the designated officer. Agency staff, volunteers and students are also briefed on their roles and responsibilities during their induction to the setting which covers how to identify signs and symptoms of abuse and how to share their concerns with the designated safeguarding person (Bennett Court Playgroup). Bennett Court playgroup are committed to safeguard and protect children. Children have the right to freedom from abuse and harm. They work with children, parents/carers and the community to ensure the rights and safety of children and to give them the very best start in life. Bennett Courts Safeguarding and Child Protection Policy is based on the London Child Protection and Safeguarding Children Procedures (LSCB 2013) and in line with Islington councils Early Years Safeguarding and Child protection procedures and Guidance (2011) along with the Working Together to Safeguard Children (DCSF 2013). Children with Special educational needs are welcomed and supported to make a smooth transition to the setting by discussing how they can best meet their needs, gain the appropriate support and services before starting the setting   (Bennett Court Playgroup). Please see (Appendix 2) for current procedures meeting the Safeguarding Children and child protection requirements. Whistleblowing is when a member of staff, in any line of work provides information of improper and unacceptable behaviour within a setting against an employee, other working professionals or a member of the public. An example of improper or unacceptable behaviour may be when someone is discriminating, bullying or harassing their colleagues and/or others. Within legislations whistleblowing is known as The Public Interest Disclosure Act 1998. This act is to safeguard employees that may be experiencing types of prejudice, disadvantages or harm during their employment or they may be disregarded by their employer if they have disclosed information in obedience to the legislation (Brookes, 2015). My setting believes that children and parents are entitled to expect courtesy and prompt, careful attention to their needs and wishes. they welcome suggestions on how to improve the setting, will give prompt and serious attention to any concerns about how the setting is run (Bennett Court Playgroup). Any concerns of bad practice should be managed appropriately before whistleblowing is needed. When staff are made to feel openly comfortable raising concerns about bad practice within the setting during staff meetings and under constant supervision, this will allow bad practices to be revised and modified before any types for cause of concern will result in harm towards a child and/or member of staff/public. Any member of staff involved in whistleblowing within the setting holds the responsibility to be able to indicate the bad practice, be able to record and report factual information of the incident to required parties for e.g. your manager or agencies like Ofsted and childrens social services, keeping copies of all relevant information shared between agencies and ensuring to follow the settings procedures for complaints, please see (Appendix 3) for my settings complaints procedures. Practitioners must follow the whistleblowing procedure whether or not they will be treated differen tly or become involved in conflict with other colleagues. Staff who may come across bad practice and choose to ignore this can result in implicating the individuals in the bad practice. Dealing with bad practice should be risen within the early stages to obstruct any further escalations (Small wonders child care, no date). Early Years Practitioners have a duty to the safeguarding, protection and welfare of children when left in their care by parents/carers. My setting commits to developing and maintaining a culture of openness and honesty when working in partnerships with parents/carers to ensure the best interests of children and their families are met. An EYP must be able to identify signs and symptoms of abuse whilst children are in their care, they must be knowledgeable to diversity, promote equality of opportunity between children through various activities and in planning that will support the safety, welfare and protection of children for e.g. motivating and teaching children different ways to keep safe for e.g. when taking children out on trips teach them to stay together and how to cross the road correctly, to be able to express themselves openly and to be confident sharing their concerns. If a child ever discloses any form of abuse made towards them, an EYP must not interfere whilst the child is talking, make notes of facts only and not interpretations of what was said, also if a child asks them to keep this to themselves, they must explain in a gentle way for the child to understand that they must tell someone in order to keep this child safe, that the child has done the right thing, it is not not their fault and they are in no trouble. EYPs have a statutory responsibility to notify agencies if they have reason to believe that any childs safety and welfare are of any cause for concern (Bateman, 2013). When dealing with confidentiality all suspicions and investigations must be kept in an individual file in a locked cupboard or files on a PC with a secure password and shared only with those who require access to it. In my setting any information is shared under the guidance of Islingtons Safeguarding Children Board and follows the legislation, Data Protection Act (1998). All practitioners must follow their settings confidentiality policy and procedures to ensure that they are aware of what can be kept confidential and what causes for concerns need to be reported and how. In my setting we have a designated safeguarding person and also someone who acts in her absence, I have been made fully aware of who and where to report any concerns I may have. Practitioners must never share information about children out of the setting or to unnecessary parties   (Bennett Court Playgroup). When working with others for the safeguarding, protection and welfare of children, this can benefit them in many ways. For e.g. as an EYP there may be some things you may not be able to help a child with, possibly SEN or disclosures of harm or abuse, so you must be able to report and refer a child to the right services that best suits their needs. Some services that may work together to safeguard children can be childrens social services, health services, schools, psychologists, GPs, local police, the UNCRC etc. also working in partnership with parents supports the safeguarding of children, unless this will put the child at risk or further harm. Working in partnership also allows services to pinpoint any issues within the family and help resolve these issues in the best possible way, conducting constructive meetings to expand and assess each individual child. Where children may have certain health problems it is important to gain information and learn about how to handle any conditio n at any point and also be aware of who to contact when needed, for e.g. you may need to report certain symptoms to the childs parents/carers, GPs or health specialists   (Bennett Court Playgroup). Practitioners must be aware that the abuse of children may occur in different forms, the four categories of abuse are physical, emotional, sexual and neglect. Bullying is also a form of abuse, as like female Genital Mutilation, the impact of domestic violence (DV) including Honour based violence which comes across all cultures and communities. Practitioners must be mindful that these forms of abuse can fall into one or more of the above categories and are often taken to great lengths to be disguised. This may include refusing freedom or contact with others, taken out off or forced to leave the country. Children that may be suffering from physical, emotional or sexual abuse may be experiencing neglect and this may be demonstrated through direct or indirect disclosures or through their behaviours within the setting. Practitioners must be able to recognise the signs, symptoms, indicators and behaviours that may cause concern, for example the child may unexpectedly become quiet, tearful, withdrawn or aggressive. Notable changes in a childs appearance e.g. loss of weight without a medical explanation, eating problems, for instance, overeating or loss of appetite, unexplained bruising or marks or signs of neglect, some signs of neglect may be when a child is wearing inappropriate clothing for the weather or clothes that are too big/small, a child may not have appropriate lunch to eat if provided by parents/carers, or they have not been washed, had their hair combed properly or untreated lice.   A child may show changes during their play, they may disengage from other children they may also hurt or be cruel to other children, a child may be knowledgeable to adult sexual behaviour, or they may participate in sexual play which is unsuitable for the childrens age   (Bennett Court Playgroup). In my setting where there is a concern about a childs welfare or wellbeing, or a concern that a child may be in need of protection, this should be recorded using the Islingtons concerns tracking form and then passed on and discussed with one of the designated child protection officers for action (or if unobtainable seek advice from Islingtons Childrens Social Care Team). The records placed must include the actual disclosure or concern, date, time and the name of the person who has recorded the concern and stored in the childs personal file in a secure cupboard. All staff and also volunteers are made aware to report any concerns immediately to the designated member of staff,   all concerns will be discussed with parents/carers unless this will put the child in further risks of harm or abuse, records of concerns, emails, notes or phone conversations and actions are noted and confidentially stored in a secure place. In my setting when we have concerns about a childs welfare we need to focus on, the needs of the child, their physical and emotional welfare, be sensitive, taking into account individual familys circumstances and discuss this with one of the designated members of staff. If it is suspected that a child is in immediate risk of ham or abuse this must be reported as soon as possible to the police and/or childrens social services (Bennett Court Playgroup). Appendix 1 LegalFramework- Legislations for the safeguarding, protection and welfare of children in my setting. Primary Legislation Children Act (1989) Protection of Children Act (1999) Data Protection Act (1998) The Children Act (Every Child Matters) (2004) Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups Act (2006) Help Children to Achieve More (2010) The Early Years Statutory Framework (2014) Secondary Legislation Sexual Offences Act (2003) Criminal Justice and Court Services Act (2000) Race Relations (Amendment) Act (2000) Equalities Act (2010) Data Protection Act (1998) Further Guidance Working Together to Safeguard Children (revised HMG 2013) What to do if youre Worried a Child is Being Abused (HMG 2006) Framework for the Assessment of Children in Need and their Families (DoH 2000) The Common Assessment Framework (2006) Statutory guidance on making arrangements to safeguard and promote the welfare of children under section 11 of the Children Act 2004 (HMG 2007) Information Sharing: Practitioners Guide (HMG 2006) Other useful publications: Child Protection Record (2007)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   (Bennett Court Playgroup) Appendix 2 Current procedures to Safeguarding Children and child protection requirements in my setting. We carry out the following procedures to ensure we meet the Safeguarding Children and child protection requirements, we do this by Recognising that all children have the right to freedom from abuse and harm. Promoting joint working with parents in the interests of childrens welfare and well being. Ensuring all our staff and volunteers are carefully selected and vetted ensuring that they carefully selected through the CRB and DBS recruitment process, have the relevant qualifications and experience and accept responsibility for helping to prevent the abuse of children in their care. We have a named designated safeguarding   officer who takes specific responsibility for young childrens and young peoples protection, safety and well-being. There is also a second designated safeguarding officer who acts in her absence. Supporting all staff to in bringing their concerns to the attention of the Designated member of staff, so they can be considered and acted upon if necessary. Responding quickly and appropriately to all suspicions or allegations of abuse. Providing parents /carers, children /young people with the opportunity to voice any concerns they may have. Adopting positive behaviour management procedure and strategies which are non-violent and do not impose humiliation or bias attitudes. Reviewing the effectiveness of the organisations child protection policies and procedures yearly (unless something proved to be ineffective). Working with external agencies, for example childrens social care team, police and   health visitors, to ensure as far as possible young children/ people are protected Not tolerating bullying. Incidents of bullying will be investigated and treated seriously and action will be taken in partnership with parents. Children are supported to form positive relationships and refrain from harming each other through anti-bullying practice (Bennett Court Playgroup). Appendix 3 Complaints procedures in my setting. All settings are required to keep a summary log of all complaints that reach stage two or beyond. This is to be made available to parents as well as to Ofsted inspectors. Stage 1 Any parent who has a concern about an aspect of the settings provision talks over, first of all, his/her concerns with the setting leader. Most complaints should be resolved amicably and informally at this stage. Stage 2 If this does not have a satisfactory outcome, or if the problem recurs, the parent moves to this stage of the procedure by putting the concerns or complaint in writing to the setting leader and the owner or chair of the management committee. For parents who are not comfortable with making written complaints, there is a template form for recording complaints in the above-mentioned publication; the form may be completed with the person in charge and signed by the parent. The setting stores written complaints from parents in the childs personal file. However, if the complaint involves a detailed investigation, the setting leader may wish to store all information relating to the investigation in a separate file designated for this complaint. When the investigation into the complaint is completed, the setting leader or manager meets with the parent to discuss the outcome. Parents must be informed of the outcome of the investigation within 28 days of making the complaint. When the complaint is resolved at this stage, the summative points are logged in the Complaints Summary Record. Stage 3 If the parent is not satisfied with the outcome of the investigation, he or she requests a meeting with the setting leader and the owner/chair of the management committee. The parent should have a friend or partner present if required and the leader should have the support of the chairperson of the management committee, or the proprietor/senior manager, present. An agreed written record of the discussion is made as well as any decision or action to take as a result. All of the parties present at the meeting sign the record and receive a copy of it. This signed record signifies that the procedure has concluded. When the complaint is resolved at this stage, the summative points are logged in the Complaints Summary Record. Stage 4 If at the stage three meeting the parent and setting cannot reach agreement, an external mediator is invited to help to settle the complaint. This person should be acceptable to both parties, listen to both sides and offer advice.   A mediator has no legal powers but can help to define the problem, review the action so far and suggest further ways in which it might be resolved. Staff or volunteers within the Pre-school Learning Alliance are appropriate persons to be invited to act as mediators. The mediator keeps all discussions confidential. S/he can hold separate meetings with the setting personnel (setting leader and owner/chair of the management committee) and the parent, if this is decided to be helpful. The mediator keeps an agreed written record of any meetings that are held and of any advice s/he gives. Stage 5 When the mediator has concluded her/his investigations, a final meeting between the parent, the setting leader and the owner/chair of the management committee is held. The purpose of this meeting is to reach a decision on the action to be taken to deal with the complaint. The mediators advice is used to reach this conclusion. The mediator is present at the meeting if all parties think this will help a decision to be reached. A record of this meeting, including the decision on the action to be taken, is made.   Everyone present at the meeting signs the record and receives a copy of it.   This signed record signifies that the procedure has concluded. The role of the Office for Standards in Education, Early Years Directorate (Ofsted) and the Local Safeguarding Children Board Parents may approach Ofsted directly at any stage of this complaints procedure. In addition, where there seems to be a possible breach of the settings registration requirements, it is essential to involve Ofsted as the registering and inspection body with a duty to ensure the Welfare Requirements of the Early Years Foundation Stage are adhered to. If a child appears to be at risk, our setting follows the procedures of the Local Safeguarding Children Board in our local authority. In these cases, both the parent and setting are informed and the setting leader works with Ofsted or the Local Safeguarding Children Board to ensure a proper investigation of the complaint, followed by appropriate action. Records A record of complaints against our setting and/or the children and/or the adults working in our setting is kept, including the date, the circumstances of the complaint and how the complaint was managed. The outcome of all complaints is recorded in the Summary Complaints Record which is available for parents and Ofsted inspectors on request. (Bennett Court Playgroup)

The Song of Evils Powerful Domination Essay --

All songs have different morals and people will have different opinions on what their significance means. One of my favorite songs "Step" by Vampire Weekend has great meaning to it. The song is about moving along in life, stepping forward into it and continuing on because you can't go back. My favorite lyric in the song, "Wisdom's a gift, but you'd trade it for youth, age is an honor - it's still not the truth" significes someone againg; becoming wiser and experienced. But they would instead give up what they've learned in order to be young again. It also mentions no guarentee of becoming wiser just because they're againg. Everytime I listen to it, I feel as if I'm learning something I didn't know before which is why it means so much to me. Don't you ever imagine what songs really mean, and how they trigger people's emotions in either a sad, happy, nostalic, etc. way? After reading The Pearl by John Steinbeck I've gotten a new perspective on how songs contribute to situations. I've thought about how The Song of the Family, The Song of Evil and The Song of The Pearl reflected the novel, and came into thinking that The Song of Evil dominated the book. It had many crucial turning points which made conflict rise in order to keep the story at a smooth pace. "Coyotito might die if enough of the poison had got in" (Steinbeck 6). This quote is stating that Kino's son is in danger, leaving the family at risk. When my cousin was battling her cancer there wasn't any medication to make it leave, so all my family did was hope that she'd get better before the situation got worse. "... "So the doctor knew," he said,... for his mind was hard and suspicious and he was remembering the white powder. Juana rocked from side to side and moaned out t... ...ino because he admires it so much. Same with drugs; people who desire them always get the worse in return. Don't you think some things people are passionate about always get an unpleasant outcome? Overall, The Song of Evil overpowered The Song of the Family and The Song of the Pearl. It provided suspension, detail, and conflict in order to keep the story steady. The Song of Evil prevented Kino's wishings, building great structure into the novel. It also appears as if Steinbeck ended the book with a great moral, just like songs tend to have, right? Steinbeck writes on how posessions can take advantage of people; in this case the pearl and Kino. I enjoyed this book because it shows the dark side of things people admire and how they can easily turn their life down. Wealth is able to make someone happy, but may have downsides which leads into living an unpleasant life.

Michael Vick

  Psychological references of a personality can be correlated to each individual that resides on this earth.   Although some can be compared to others in terms of habitual actions through classifications, each personality interpretation is unique.   Personality classifications can be deemed as a selective grouping of traits that each individual acquires as a result of personal experiences, environmental influences, and category habitual traits.   These groups or categories each align one’s characteristics, thus organizing each person into a class or rank based upon traits identified by each grouping or classification.Thus far, 6 theories have been formulated to specify each personality trait including, humanistic, behavioral and social learning, cognitive, humanistic, psychoanalytical, and biological.   Each of these theoretical sects preserves the understanding of an individual’s actions as well as the identification of behavioral factors and qualities.   M any everyday people have undergone such evaluations in order to indentify, sort, and interpret personal behavior, however such theories are being examined in the lives of many high profile celebrities.For example, the latest bouts of strange behavior of Brittney Spears have also undergone these theories during the present custody battle with her former husband, Kevin Fedderline. Shaving her head along with her peculiar performance at the MTV movie awards have additionally undergone scrutiny.   Although Britney’s behavior has been rumored the result of substance abuse instead of personality flaws, many physiological theories has thus been applied in an attempt to explain the reasoning behind her actions.Moreover, football star Michael Vick has undergone a serious career adjustment only months ago after he was convicted of dog fighting charges.   Psychological personality theories can also be applied in order to understand the logic behind his recent actions.Although his ca reer seemingly ended earlier than expected, Michael Vick was not always in the bright spotlight that shined upon his career for so many years. Born in Newport News, Virginia, 1960, to then 16 year-old Brenda Vick and 17 year-old Michael Boddie, Michael Dwayne Vick was always responsible for his siblings while his father attempted to maintain a steady job.   Michael Boddie only served 2 years in the military before finally finding a steady job at the local ship yards as a painter.However, in Mr. Boddie’s spare time, he always reintegrated the discipline of football into his son, thus attaining Michael Vicks’ deep passion for the sport. After a rash of disciplinary issues as school, Michael â€Å"Ookie† Vick was forced to incorporate an extra-curricular activity into his schedule, thus he chose football. During his constructive varsity career at Warwick High School, Vick earned a scholarship to Virginia Tech.   Soon after a successful career at Virginia Tech, Vick was deemed one of the most sought after college quarterbacks in the entire United States, thus earning him a spot in the Atlanta Falcons lineup.During this time, The Atlanta Falcons had only advanced to the playoffs a total of 6 times; therefore they were attempting to acquire a team player whom could aid the team in accomplishing their feat in the Super Bowl.  Ã‚   Vick signed on for a six year contract totaling $62 million along with a $15 million sign on bonus.   Although then coach, Dan Reeves, only had intentions of orchestrating Vick from the sidelines of his rookie year, his impressive performance during training camp earned an early route to the field.   During his career since the start of 2001, Vick has proved to be an essential sect of the Falcons team (Black Book Partners, 2007).However, since his formal guilty plea in illegal dog fights, Vick has proved to be a tremendous loss to the Falcons dream team. â€Å"One of the most spectacular falls from grace in t he history of American sport was sealed yesterday as star quarterback Michael Vick formally pleaded guilty to charges of conspiracy and involvement in dog-fighting, that could see him jailed for a year or more†¦Vick had been one of the biggest stars of the National Football League, a quarterback of explosive speed and phenomenal throwing power. He was in the middle of a record-breaking $137m (68.5m), 10- year contract with the Falcons, not to mention a host of lucrative endorsement deals† (Cornwell,   August 2007).   Since his recent indefinite expulsion from the NFL in the later portion of 2007, the Atlanta Falcons have only attained 3 wins, and have consequentially ended their once always sold out games.   In early December, Vick was sentenced to 23 months in prison with a projected release date of summer 2009.Although there are 6 sects of trait theory, Vick’s actions can only be interpreted under the Social-Cognitive Theory.   Under this theory, internal and external factors influence an individual, not either or.   This theory is also called the reciprocal theory because each factor, internal and external, corresponds with each other, not separately.   All Psych noted that  in his classic experiment, Bandura (1965) looked at the behavior of children after watching a model on TV perform aggressive acts.   The children were divided into three groups; model rewarded, model punished, and no consequence, referring to the outcome of these aggressive acts.As he expected, all of the children were able to perform the aggressive acts even though they had never performed them or been rewarded for them in the past.   However, those who witnessed the aggressive model being punished exhibited less aggressive acts themselves in the play time that followed. (AllPsych, 2004). Bandura reintegrated the thought that people not only react to personal feelings or inhibitions, but that they also act upon outside influences.   These influence s could range from television, friends, family or even things witnessed in the workplace.Realistically, in correlation to Michael Vick’s dog fighting offences, others were involved in the case, including friends and family.   Vick admitted to brutally killing at least 8 dogs either during or after the fights, however, others that were involved in the gambling and actual dog fights themselves did not take responsibility for their actions during the ordeal.   This leaves on to suspect if Vick himself was solely responsible for the fights or if others influenced him to do so because of his celebrity stature and ability to gain discretion for the events.During his childhood, any actions of violence or extreme cases of anger can not be pinpointed, therefore, psychologically, the visibility of these bouts of aggression that were taken out in the form of dog fighting is not rational.   In addition, Cornwell also suggests that â€Å"Like cock-fighting (which Louisiana, inciden tally, became the last state to ban a few weeks ago), dog-fighting has been around here for generations, at least since the early 19th century and probably before that. Blame those early British colonists and the popularity of the pastime back home in the old country. For a long time, it was above all a rural pursuit, entrenched in the South and in the Mid-Atlantic States, where the Vick case occurred† (July 2007).This also correlates with the Social-Cognitive Theory hence its environmental influence on the act.   Although most individuals perceive the violence of the fights as cruel, this type of behavior is a cultural issue which customarily prevails in the south.   In American culture, dog fights just as cock fights have dated back to the early colonization of the United States, therefore preserving the earliest forms of sportsmanship.   Other issues lie behind the dog fighting that Vick pled guilty to such as the gambling ring, which suggests that Vick orchestrated t he financial bets and racketeering that also prevailed; moreover, it appears that outside influences instead of sole internal desires influenced Vicks decisions.In conclusion, many high-profile celebrities have risen to the charts not because of their efforts towards charity, but for their outrageous behavior.   One of these authoritative figures is Michael Vick.   Although he was raised with small town values which ultimately earned him the spot as the most invasive quarterbacks of his time, he consequentially succumbed to internal and external pressures that have now landed him 23 months in prison.   The type of theory that can be applied to his behavior, Social-Cognitive, explains the nature behind his ludicrous conduct.Social-Cognitive behavior can be classified as the integration of both internal and external factors such as environment and self-indulgence that causes one to act in a certain manner.   Many studies have been conducted such as that of Bandura, which conse quentially supports the theory.   The theory behind behaviors such as that depicted by Michael Vick should be further analyzed in order to broaden the spectrum of understanding.   Affirmative and destructive aspects of the Social-Cognitive theory apply.For instance, theoretically, the Social-Cognitive trait theory can supplement one’s actions for external factors.   This can be affirmative or negative in the sense that this allows an individual to focus on the outside influences instead of logical thinking and reason.   Additionally, this theory allows psychologist to properly analyze and represent individuals when facing legal actions against them.   In demonstrating the analytical properties of an individual’s mind set, fair sentencing can be given in correlation to psychological facets of the law and societal influence.WORKS CITEDAll Psych. (2004). Personality Synopsis Chapter 8: Learning Theory Section 5: Social Cognitive Theory.   Retrieved December 13 , 2007, from http://allpsych.com/personalitysynopsis/social_cognitive.htmlBlack Book Partners. (2007). Michael Vick. Retrieved December 13, 2007, fromhttp://www.jockbio.com/Bios/Vick/Vick_bio.htmlCornwell, R. (2007, July 22). The football superstar and the dog-fighting ring.The London Independent. Retrieved December 13, 2007, from http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4159/is_200705/ai_n19388909Cornwell, R. (2007, August 28).   Vick faces jail after admitting dog fights.   TheLondon Independent. Retrieved December 13, 2007, from http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_20070828/ai_n20523470

Scarlet Letter Essays - Roger Chillingworth, The Scarlet Letter

Scarlet Letter Essays - Roger Chillingworth, The Scarlet Letter Scarlet Letter Hester's Devotion The Romantic movement in American literature greatly expanded the love story genre. In Hawthorne's novel The Scarlet Letter he writes of adultery in a Puritan village. The story deals with the relationship between Hester Prynne, a young bride awaiting her husband, and Arthur Dimmsdale, an inspired Puritan minister who is beloved by the populace. Do Hester and Dimmsdale truly love each other? Hester does indeed love Dimmsdale, but the love is not returned by the preacher. It is obvious from the beginning that Hester loves Dimmsdale. When she is being grilled for the identity of the father of her child in front of the entire villiage, she cares for him enough to refuse to reveal his identity. When offered the chance to remove the scarlet letter "A" if she will but speak his name and repent, she stands up to the crowd and refuses to give in to its pressure. Another telling feature of her love for Dimmsdale is that she remains in the village as an outcast rather than fleeing to a more accepting environment, where she might possibly live a normal life. According to the narrator, she could not leave this place because "there trode the feet of one with whom she deemed herself connected in a union, that, unrecognized on earth, would bring them together before the bar of final judgement" (74). She realizes that she cannot lead a normal life in this community with Dimmsdale, but even so she cannot bring herself to leave him. This is telling evidence of! her love for him. She endures pain and torment alone, without even the support of her partner in sin. Even so, she still feels more anguish over being the cause of Dimmsdale's pain than she does for the humiliation of being branded impure before her community. As she states herself, under questioning by the ministers before the town "and would that I might endure his agony, as well as mine!" (64). That she should feel guilt for causing him pain when he was as much involved as she was proves how deeply she does love him. Hester would love to escape her punishment, but only if she can still be with Dimmsdale. While conversing with Dimmsdale alone in the forest where no one can overhear, she brings up the idea of fleeing with him, and living a life full of love with him in another land. She says "So brief a journey would bring thee from a world where thou hast been most wretched, to one where thou mayest still be happy" (181). The world she is talking about here is a world deeper along the forest track where they can freely express their love for one another. When he seems hesitant to take that path, she suggests another route of escape. "Then there is the broad pathway of the sea!...It brought thee hither. If thou so choose, it will bear thee back again" (181). She is willing to give up her newfound acceptance as healer, from the villagers in a moment to win a chance to live in happiness with a man who has thus far shown her little support. Hester also shows her love for Dimmsdale with her courage in onfronting Roger Chillingworth with her intent to warn Dimmsdale of the threat Chillingworth poses him. She is willing to break the vow of secrecy she has made to Chillingworth, saying "I must reveal the secret...He must discern thee in thy true character...this long debt of confidence, due from me to him, whose bane and ruin I have been, shall at length be paid" (158). She knows that Chillingworth is a plotting, malevolent man, whose physical deformity reflects the deformity and evil content of his heart. Again she is standing up for the man she loves. In the same conversation, she tries to shift Chillingworth's malevolence off the man she loves and onto herself. She asks him "It was I, not less than he. Why hast thou not avenged thyself on me?" (158). Other examples of Hester's undying devotion include the description of what a loving person Hester is, when the narrator states "Hester's nature showed itself warm and rich; a well-spring of human

Renewable Energy Sources Review Essay Sample

Renewable Energy Sources Review Essay Sample Renewable Energy Sources Review Essay Renewable Energy Sources Review Essay The environmental damage caused by the non-renewable resources, and their rapid depletion require to transfer the generation of heat and electricity to non-traditional sources of clean energy, especially renewable. There is a need to take urgent measures to make our energy supplies safe and ecological. Today, energy industries are major polluters of the environment. Therefore, the importance of alternative energy is obvious, because it plays a crucial role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and helps reduce the dependence on imported energy. Oil Resources vs. Renewable Energy Sources The renewable energy sources include: energy sources, such as burned biomass and waste (the solid biomass and animal products, biological mass, including any material of plant origin that are used directly as fuel or can be converted into other forms before combustion (wood, vegetable and animal wastes, charcoal, which is produced from solid biomass)), urban waste (materials that are burned to produce heat and power generation – waste of residential, commercial and public sectors), hydropower (potential or kinetic energy of water converted into electricity using hydro power plants, both large and small), geothermal energy (heat coming from the subsurface, usually in the form of hot water or steam. It is clear that there are much more renewable energy sources than non-renewable ones. This paper is going to discuss the importance of creating energy sources that are safe and friendly to the environment, the pros and cons of renewable energy sources, the effect of burning oil on t he atmosphere, the environmental consequences of oil resources as well as the solution to the problem the society faces today. The Effect of Burning Oil on the Atmosphere Today, most thermal and electric energy is obtained by burning fossil fuels and turning its chemical energy into electricity and heat. About 80% of all types of pollution of the biosphere is due to energy processes. Oil resources are burned in such quantities that the products of combustion (harmful and toxic gas emissions and aerosols) change the composition of the atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere. Carbon dioxide CO2 is produced by burning fossil fuels, especially, oil. This is the base component, which causes the formation of greenhouse effect. As a result of incomplete combustion, carbon monoxide CO is extracted. It is the toxic gas that has harmful effect on the cardio-vascular system. CO2 molecules pass the wave of ultraviolet solar radiation, but absorb long-wave radiation in the infrared spectrum of frequencies that cause an increase in temperature of the atmosphere. Sulfur dioxide SO2 is one of the most toxic gaseous emissions of power plants. Heavy oil resources contain the greatest amount of sulfur. Sulfur dioxide affects the oxidation, destroys materials, and has harmful effect on human health. Nitrogen oxides are formed during combustion of any fossil fuel containing nitrogen compounds. Nitrogen oxides have harmful impact on human health, causing the formation of greenhouse effect and the destruction of the ozone layer. In addition, nitrogen oxides lead to forest extinction, acid rain and so on. The Importance of Creating Safe Energy Sources Analyzing the information mentioned above, it becomes clear why it is so important to create energy sources that are safe and friendly to the environment. The use of non-renewable source, especially, oil resources causes the formation of greenhouse effect†, destruction of the ozone layer, the increase in the temperature of the atmosphere, forest extinction, acid rain, etc. It also has a deleterious effect on people’s health, especially, on the cardio-vascular system. Thus, the need for creation of energy sources that are safe and friendly to the environment is determined by the following factors: Rapid growth in demand for electric energy and depletion of proven reserves of fossil fuels in the near future. The pollution of the environment by oxides of nitrogen and sulfur, carbon dioxide, from the combustion of fossil fuels. Replacing Energy from Other Sources The population consumes large amount of energy each year. For example, as stated in the article â€Å"U.S. total energy consumption by sector 2013†, â€Å"In 2013, approximately 21.09 quadrillion British thermal units of energy were consumed by the U.S. residential sector.† The USA has already consumed 20% of its energy (World Population Balance, n.d.). It is possible to replace this energy with the energy from other sources, for example, such sources as solar energy and wind power. Solar energy is the kinetic energy of the radiation, which is formed as a result of the thermonuclear reactions in the solar interior. Solar energy is one of those alternatives ignoring which will lead to the catastrophic consequences for humanity in the near future. Using solar energy is a progressive method for obtaining various types of energy. However, people began to think about the use of this technology only in the last century. Nowadays, there are the following technologies of solar energy: Active (solar energy is used for water heating, lighting, ventilation). Passive (a special feature of passive solar structure building for the organization of ventilation, heating or lighting is the selection of building materials of relevant physical parameters, specific planning of rooms, and placement of windows). Some of today’s solar technologies are natural lighting systems. They are used for decorating offices and dwellings as the alternative to electric lamps. In addition to aesthetic and psychological satisfaction, natural lighting systems help to save on electricity and are famous among connoisseurs of unusual architectural buildings. Solar roofing has come a long way over the last 20-30 years. Today’s solar panels are much more efficient than they have ever been. As the technology continues to improve, these solar roof kits will become a more practical alternative to fossil fuel based energy sources. (â€Å"Portable solar panels, solar energy kits and roof mount†, n.d.) Solar water heating setup – is the system of water heating in reservoirs, mainly for household needs. Today, China is the world leader in the use of such facilities, where solar collector heaters occupy 80 % of this particular market segment. According to Energy Saving Trust (n.d.), â€Å"Solar hot water is a green, renewable heating system and can reduce your carbon dioxide emissions.† Another modern solar technology is helio-concentrators. It is a method of focusing sunlight and producing electricity or heat with the use of reflectors (flat or parabolic mirrors of different shapes and sizes). These solar thermal systems are rare because of the high cost. These systems have been built and used in Spain and Portugal providing converted energy for different purposes. Another energy source is wind power which is one of the oldest sources of energy used by the mankind and, undoubtedly, one of the most economical ones. Mistaken claims about wind power often scare people away from the use of this energy source. However, wind turbines are the very promising way to obtain energy from clean sources, particularly, in terms of the increased cost of oil, gas, and coal and the shortage of natural resources. â€Å"Wind turbines can be used to generate large amounts of electricity in wind farms both onshore and offshore† (Wind turbines, n.d.). Nowadays, the wind power stations are everywhere. Using such modern technology as a wind turbine, these stations convert the mechanical energy of the wind into electricity. They are perfect for the needs of the developing countries. They can be put in place and connected to the power supply system in a shorter time and at lower cost compared to the introduction of large power plants with complicated infrastructure, for the production and transmission of electricity. Therefore, developing countries have a strong interest in wind power market. According to Wind Energy Foundation, Wind energy became the number-one source of new U.S. electricity-generating capacity for the first time in 2012, providing some 42% of all new generating capacity. In fact, 2012 was a strong year for all renewables, as together they accounted for more than 55% of all new U.S. generating capacity. One more present-day wind technology is a wind powered electric car invented by a brave Chinese farmer. By its characteristics the car can be compared to a conventional car. â€Å"What makes the one-seater special is the turbine on its nose. When the car reaches 40mph (64kph), the blades spring into the action and begin generating pollution-free power† (Chinese farmer invents wind-powered car, 2012). This Chinese auto inventor has spent more than a thousand dollars to build the car. However, the invention is worth it; he drives on the roads of the city and amazes people. There are many advantages of wind energy development including environmental and practical factors. The world total kinetic energy of wind can be roughly estimated as 80 times higher than the total energy. Modern wind energy is one of the most advanced and promising types of alternative energy. The Pros and Cons of Renewable Energy Sources Renewable energy sources have their pros and cons. The advantages of renewable energy are: They are virtually inexhaustible. It is an environmentally clean way to produce energy. It does not pollute the atmosphere, does not consume fuel and does not cause thermal pollution. There is no need for extraction, processing and delivering of fuel. There is no need for scarce high-temperature materials, with the exception of solar heat concentrators. Renewable energy sources can work without maintenance and are constantly renewed by the nature reserve. There is no need in energy transportation. The disadvantages of renewable energy are: The main disadvantage of most renewable energy sources is their potential energy volatility. Moreover, some of the renewable energy sources have their own disadvantages; however, they are not so important in comparison with advantages mentioned above. Wind power creates the noise of high frequency, so they require large areas of land for their placement. Solar energy also requires the use of large areas of land, but photovoltaic elements in large solar power plants are installed at a height of 1,8-2,5 meters, which allows to use the land below the power plant for agricultural purposes. The flow of solar energy to the Earths surface is highly dependent on latitude and climate. The average number of sunny days per year can be very different in various areas. The solar power is dependent on the day time and weather conditions. The Environmental Consequences of Oil Resources All oil resources are underground. In order to get them, a number of different machines and mechanisms should be used. Unfortunately, the production technology is not always perfect, which leads to negative consequences. The first problem is the exploitation of old fields. Most of them are not cemented, and this results in disrupted integrity and oil gets into groundwater. Nowadays, more and more developed countries introduce new production technology, but it does not save nature from pollution. In terms of exploration, there is a need to drill wells in order to determine the oil field, which adversely affects the exploration area. While extracting oil, the leak in the groundwater or surface may occur, causing irreparable damage. Oil extracting from the underground may cause the landslides. Oil burning leads to the formation of smog over major cities, the so-called greenhouse effect (carbon dioxide keeps heat of the sun, which can cause global warming), acid rain (when gaseous acidic oxides combine with water vapor in clouds, and when the rains fall, the water contains so much acid that it burns plants and poisons the soil and water). Oil wastes are also of great danger. During the processing of oil resources, many toxic substances may form. In addition, many resources are lost in transit. They litter the earth, seas and rivers. Particular damage can be cause by oil spilled into the sea or ocean. Spilled oil does not allow the sunlight penetration that is necessary for fish and algae. Birds and fish die from poisoning, suffocation or starvation. In order to prevent and reduce the impact of the oil resources on the nature, it is necessary to develop alternative renewable energy (wind, solar, tides, geothermal, etc.), which can reduce the need for fossil fuels and thus reduce emissions of toxic gases that lead to the greenhouse effect and acid rain. The existing boiler stations should have ultra-filtration and smoke purification systems. It is also necessary to learn how to neutralize wastes and recycle them. The conditions of transportation of resources should be improved. All these measures will help to restore stability and harmony between man and nature. Nature will not retaliate against man by bringing all sorts of natural disasters, and the man, in its turn, will make rational use of natural resources.

Healthcare Organization Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

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Quantitative and academic skills(economy) - Essay Example It also means taking charge of what I do with the resources I could legitimately and ethically use to get things done and accepting mistakes when I commit them. If I achieve this, I can be more confident, learn to respect and manage myself in my studies, and develop self-esteem, because knowing who I am is important if I want to express myself and understand others better. Performance means knowing my profession well so I can succeed, and includes having a broad and open mind, ready to learn from personal experience and learning from others who know more like professors and tutors. One ethical rule is the policy on plagiarism which means â€Å"stealing†¦other people’s work and ideas and passing them off as (my) own† (Handbook, 2007, p. 6). I can use or paraphrase other people’s ideas, but I should acknowledge it following established academic rules of honesty and integrity. My main problem is to know which information I need and learning to choose the right information. There is too much information, in libraries, the Internet, and in the media, so I need to learn how to assess the reliability of my sources such as journals, databases, articles, and surveys. I need to spend more time reading good materials and data sources in English, understanding how the experts in the field analyse information and present it, and being involved in discussions in and out of the classroom. In my culture, we were trained to obey and believe those in authority, and to ask few questions in public. Here, I notice that people say what is in their minds, and I want to learn how to do this. Professors and tutors are open to questions and criticisms. My studies are my top priority right now, but if I do not continue building up my personal discipline because of poor self-management or I allow myself to be influenced by others, my path to success is in danger. I hope my professors and tutors correct me when they see I am not going along the right path. Developing all

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Proposed Market Entry Strategy Essay Example for Free

Proposed Market Entry Strategy Essay 1. Executive Summary The use of air conditioning is widespread since it does not only provide appropriate room temperature for electrical equipments that make internet and telecommunication works but also provide comfortable atmosphere for cooling rooms in a houses, trade centers, office buildings and many others. The situation reveals that air conditioning equipments have vital roles in society. However, the use of air conditioning devices is associated with high costs since they consume large power of electrical current. Under such circumstances, the development of efficient cooling and purifying devices become the next stage in the air cooling and purifying development. One of air purifying and cooling products available in the market is EnerVent ®, which developed by Northridge Enterprise. The company understands that to win customers’ hearts, there are four key features that EnerVent ® should possess; they are true Fresh air delivery, low costs and low heating air conditioning in compact design, high quality of air purifiers that are not merely circulating the same air in a room, and capability to eliminate harmful gases, mold, and germs. Concerning the issue, this paper has elaborated several issues concerning the market entry strategy for EnerVent ® including target markets, market potential, competitive market analysis, marketing objectives, marketing mix strategy (product, place, promotion, and place) 2. Introduction 2.1. Development of Air Conditioning and Purifying Products Nowadays, the discussion over the benefits of the sophisticated information technology including computers and telecommunications on business and communication is an endless topic in seminars or exhibitions. However, in order to work properly, such equipments need low-temperature in order to prevent overheating so that the use of high-power air conditioning is vast in the equipment rooms. In addition to the use of air conditioning devices for cooling rooms, they also provide comfortable atmosphere for cooling rooms in a houses, trade centers, office buildings and many others. The situation reveals that air conditioning equipments have vital roles in society. This makes sense since the use of air conditioning is widespread and easily found in almost every place that provide comfortable atmosphere. According to ARI CoolNet, air conditioning has several functional benefits as following: ï‚ § Providing personal comfort ï‚ § Improving productivity in the workplace where it relates to the comfortable place the air conditioning provides ï‚ § Increasing good medical and health services ï‚ § Helping vendors to preserve fresh and frozen foods like seafood, frozen potatoes, sausage an many others ï‚ § Protecting electrical equipment from excessive heating Since the use of air conditioning, previously called as manufactured air, is vital in day-to-day activities, it becomes a significant invention in human history. However, recent air conditioning or ventilation products do not end in the development of fancy casing or cooler temperature but also in several values added features. For example, the invention of Plasma cluster technology, which is capable of killing 99-percent bacterium and viruses including Aviation flue viruses, becomes the Sharps’ competitive advantage that generate revenue for the Japanese company’s air conditioning and cooling products including refrigerators, chillers, air conditioner, air purifiers, to name a few. However, the use of air conditioning products is associated with high costs since they consume large power of electrical current. Under such circumstances, the development of efficient cooling and purifying devices become the next stage in the air cooling and purifying development. 2.2. EnerVent ® Products EnerVent ® is manufactured to fulfill the need for efficient ventilation system that has several features including compact design (small) and lightweight compared to existing whole house and individual room air conditioning system. The EnerVent ® has favorable tagline that clearly target particular customers as following: There is nothing like fresh air from open windows on a Spring day. Yet high heating and air conditioning costs keep homes sealed tight to save money. Harmful odors, gases, mold, and germs stay in. Even quality air purifiers can only clean and circulate the same air. The EnerVent ® system offers the best of both worlds, bringing in and circulating out up to 12 true air exchanges daily without a significant energy penalty† The EnerVent ® jargon suggests that there are four features that the company concerns when developing EnerVent ®; they are Fresh air delivery, low costs and low heating air conditioning in compact design, high quality of air purifiers that are not merely circulating the same air in a room, and capability to eliminate harmful gases, mold, and germs. Concerning the size, Figure 1 shows example of several air conditioning designs that appear to be ‘usual’, large, and ‘compact’ design. (a) GMG (b) Delonghi Figure 1 Several Design of Existing Air Conditioning System Source: OK CHINA INDUSTRIAL LTD, 2007 In addition to size, competition in air conditioning system evolves into the provision of fresh air that circulate the true fresh air from the outside instead circulating the same air. This feature is significantly important since people have great concerns over the raising pollution because of industrial plants discard smoke, the forest fire, bad air-refreshing systems in a house, etc. Generally, air pollution in the U.S., to be precise, and other industrial countries is because acid rain in both the U.S. and Canada in which the US becomes a country that emits a large amount of carbon dioxide as the result of fossil fuels burning; limited resources of natural fresh water, water pollution due to pesticides and fertilizers (â€Å"Air pollution from other countries drifts into USA†, 2005). Concerning the capability of eliminating odor, EnerVent ® also present attractive features since the product is capable of eliminating harmful odors, gases, mold, and germs. In the market, this feature is best represented by Sharp’s Plasma cluster product as shown in the Figure 2. (a) Sharp FU40SEK (b) Sharp FU-S40TA Figure 2 Sharp Air Purifier with Plasma cluster technology Source: Callde, 2007; Pantipmarket, 2007 3. Target Markets Since EnerVent ® has particular characteristics that present the â€Å"true† fresh air to either â€Å"whole houses† and â€Å"individual room†, therefore, the target market for EnerVent ® is as following: ï‚ § Brand of Products : True fresh air like one from open windows on a Spring day Eliminate harmful odors, gases, mold, and germs stay in Low energy consumption ï‚ § Customers’ Preferences : People who concern about the need for fresh air in a room that has capability to eliminate harmful materials at low operation costs ï‚ § Ages : above 25 (this is the age where people use their rational reasons when buying a product). This is important since home electronic industry are fulfilled with advertising that trick customers ï‚ § Income Levels : above $2,500 per month (considering that the price of air Purifying is above $100, see Figure 3) Figure 3 Air Purifier Source: Bizrate, 2007 4. Market Potential and Sales Forecast The market potential for air purifiers from EnerVent ® is people who concerns about the People who concern about the need for fresh air in a room that has capability to eliminate harmful materials at low operation costs. The description suggests that EnerVent ® target both high-end customers since they are more concern about complete features regardless the price and low-end customers since they concern about low-operational costs despite high ownership costs. For high end customers, they realize that air pollution is more influencing the children than adult. All of U.S. researchers open their study about finding the polluted air impact at the children. It is believed that air pollution make the children lung become smaller. This evidence assures that air pollution own the chronic impact. In addition, this impact will be permanent at all of the children until they become adult (â€Å"Air Pollution Might Affect Lung Development in Children, Study Finds†, 2004). Bad air quality give the negative impact to the environmental quality and the financial loss because of the air pollution is not small. Because financially, air pollution will improve the cost, which must be become the responsibility of society. It can be in the form of medical expense for pain suffered, decreasing of the work productivity as an effect of air pollution, and decreasing of the prosperity life. Due to the fact that air pollution may provide unfavorable condition for an entire family; therefore, Northridge Enterprise has wide market potential to sell EnerVent ®, the true air purifier. To be specific the market potential for EnerVent ® is as following: 4.1. Middle and High Class market, Offices and Buildings There are many considerations in the minds of consumers when they are buying air conditioning product. In most parts of the world, air conditioning is the consumption of middle and high-class families, buildings and offices. For these people, cost is not the prime factor of consideration. It is quality that concerns them the most. In the light of this consideration, the Enervent will only gain small portion of the market in this segment because there are many air conditioning products which have better features and higher capacity to regulate air in larger offices. The Enervent on the other hand, can only regulate air in a limited space because it does not have the capability of producing cool air as a regular air conditioning machine. There are however, mid and high class households and small offices that prefer to use air purifier because they like the natural atmosphere of their houses and offices. These are generally smaller establishments or places which have plenty, but small to medium-sized rooms. This represents an opportunity for Enervent to enter the medium and high class households, buildings and offices. The opportunity however, is very small compare to the entire market of air conditioning equipment in the medium and high class market. 4.2. Medium and Lower Income Families Air conditioning needs are not the sole demands of medium and high-class establishments. In the modern realm where people’s desire for quality has been considerably enhanced, the need for air conditioning spreads to the low income families and offices. This represents a better opportunity for Enervent to gain larger portion of the market. This is true because for low income families and low-budget offices, the cost of having a full fledged air conditioning system can be quite overwhelming. In previous times, they generally switch to air purifier products because they are cheaper and do not consume too much electricity. However, the presence of the Enervent creates new and better alternative. These people could gain better quality than average air purifiers and pay cheaper costs than the average air conditioner products (Ward, 2007). 4.3. The market for Air Regulator Machines The rapid development of economy in various regions of the world generated massive demands for air conditioning products. In some markets, the air conditioning products are displaying a rapid increase, like the Indian market and Saudi Arabian. They are potential markets because of their geographic conditions and their economic development. On the other hand, there are also markets that displayed declining tendencies in the air conditioning market development because of the over-crowded markets, like China. In Europe, United States and most of the Asian countries displayed stable or otherwise mild development in the air conditioning market (Wind of Change, 2006). The product is, on the other hand, a revolutionary product filling a niche between the high cost air conditioning equipment and the simple air purifier machine. In a sense it has similar but different markets than those of the air conditioner products. Because of the revolutionary nature of the industry, and the contributions from low income, middle and high class markets elaborated above, I believe that the product will take over approximately 5-10% of the air conditioning market in the end of the first year. Furthermore, being the sole producer of Enervent, then the sales number of the company will be similar to that percentage. For instance, if the US air conditioning market is worth US$ 1 billion annually, then Enervent will generate a sales number of US$ 50-100 million. 5. Competitive Market Analysis The air conditioning industry is a global industry. Most of the modern countries plus several of the developing countries witnessed rapid growth of their air national air conditioning industry. In Saudi Arabia for example, demands for air conditioners is the highest in the world. Analysts have stated that the Saudi Arabian market has become a unique investment opportunities for foreign investors. Although not exactly alike, similar rate of growth can be witnessed in India and other developing countries (Saudi Aircon, 2007). Despite the rapid growth of the industry, Enervent cannot expect to gain the full benefit of the market development. The direct competitor of Enervent is air conditioning itself. Despite their significantly higher prices, they have larger capacity of regulating temperature and the condition of large rooms. Modern air conditioning is also equipped with various features that do not exist in Enervent, like self cleaning device, etc. Furthermore, air conditioning has a better and more widespread reputation that Enervent, which is a new and unpopular product. The competitive advantages of Enervent against the direct competitor are price and efficiency. The product is considerably cheaper, lighter and more far more electricity efficient than the average air conditioning machine. Indirect competitor of Enervent is the cheaper and simpler air purifier. The low cost and electricity efficient device is also quite popular as alternative of air conditioners. They generate significantly less cost than the average air conditioner, but cannot act as a temperature regulator. Many considered that the air purifier and the air conditioner market is not the same. Nevertheless, they are the same. Air purifier is an indirect competitor of both the air conditioner market and Enervent. Enervent has the advantage of temperature control with similarly low cost and efficient electricity compare to the air purifier. In addition to the analysis above, there are also other factors in the air conditioner industry that generates opportunities for Enervent to grow, they are: †¢ The emerging new styles of offices In the modern world, people are not satisfied having the same offices as other companies. In order to facilitate such a need for creative office design. The trend toward more stylish offices generates more complicated buildings with less ventilation. Pursuing efficiency, more employees are stationed in smaller rooms. These conditions generated the need for larger capacities of air conditioning. This is logical because managers have realized that poor air quality in the workplace could result in lack of productivity and worse, sickness (Cunningham, 1986). The necessity for more air conditioning system generates more demands of air conditioning machines. However, because companies are constantly searching for ways to enhance efficiency, their attention turn toward products which can deliver similar performance in air conditioning with less prices and more electricity efficient performance. This leads to opportunities for the newly designed Enervent, an air conditioning machine which are significantly cheaper and much more electricity efficient (Piercy, 1982). †¢ New Competitors The highly competitive environment is created by various factors. For one, the amount of players within the industry also plays a great role in shaping the competitive atmosphere. In the air conditioning market, Far Eastern manufacturers have improved their manufacturing capabilities by cooperating with Japanese producers. The new entrants are expected to influence the European market aggressively by means of targeting an established distributor. These new entrants have significantly lower price structures, thus allowing them to deliver cheaper prices to consumers. This leads to harder and more competitive atmosphere in the industry of both air conditioning machines and air purifier machines. In a sense, this also influences Enerven as an alternative between the two products. 6. Marketing Objectives The hardest mission of a marketer in getting the product accepted and recognized within the local environment. The Enervent is a new product with revolutionary technology. Its first year in the market should be the year of promotion and market penetration. Therefore the marketing objectives should be: †¢ Establish presence in local environment There are various factors that could influence how a product will result revenues and profits within its market. Each local environment has different preferences of how products should be. It is important for Enervent to win the hearts of local society by collaborating with local culture and traditions. The failure to achieve that will create poor and undeveloped sales performance. Thus, one of the most important and early marketing objective should be how to generate connection with local markets (Korey, 1986). †¢ Discover new channel of distributions and marketing In the first year of marketing, new products should be brought throughout the markets using various channels and means of transportations. Getting to know the local infrastructure and how will it affect the business is very much important. Thus, discovering new channel of promotion and distribution is also an important objective (Koney, 1986) †¢ Create a distinction Establishing presence and discovering new channels are usually not enough to get the product running and generate revenues and profits. The product needs features or appearance that will differentiate it from other products. This activity is called brand designing (Keegan, 1989). 7. Marketing Mix In the following chapter I will use existing information to make an assessment of how Enervent should be sold. This assessment is important because it determines the shape of the business offering toward consumers. Re-designing the business offerings has been the core purpose of performing a marketing mix analysis. In terms of Enervent, the following is suggested: 7.1. Product Positioning Strategy Enervent should be well promoted to reflect capabilities of the new and revolutionary product. As implied in previous chapters, the product should be advertised as a brilliant alternative to air conditioning and air purifier. It is the combination of both worlds which brings the best of them. The product can also be advertised as the new revolution in air conditioning. The advertising campaign would have to generate the image that Enervent is the next generation of low cost, low energy air conditioning (Keegan, 1989). As mentioned in previous chapter, the product has different opportunities in different segments of the market. Therefore, there is a need to perform different emphasize on different segments of the market. In the medium to high-class households, buildings and offices, the company should focus on promoting the product as a smart replacement of the average air conditioning system because of its air temperature management capabilities and its low cost and energy efficient nature. This would attract those customers which prefer to maintain the naturality of their environments as mentioned before. On the other hand, in the low-income households and offices, the product should be promoted as the new generation of air conditioning. The product should be promoted as the new and brilliant evolution toward environmental friendliness and quality preservation. Because the company is forecasted to generate more sales in this segment, this characteristic of product positioning (as a revolutionary new generation of air conditioning) should be the main scenario of marketing. Other processes within the product positioning activities which require attention includes: paying attention to manufacturing specifications, labeling and packaging to represent the target market we are aiming and the position of our product. The product must also be tested first before it enters the market. Analysts also suggested that the product should be matched with its surrounding environment, whether in times of sale or distribution. For instance, products that travel through the road should contain different specifications and equipments to products that travel through air (Keegan, 1989). 7.2. Pricing Strategy In marketing mix, price is considered as one of the factor that contributes to the total value of product offering. Despite the high quality of the product, if the pricing strategy does no reflect value (which means the value gained from the purchase is greater than the value of money sacrificed for the purchase), then customers would not be appealed to the product. Price has been the most important consideration in buying air conditioner machines for years. Because of the highly advanced technology and the power needed to perform the task of regulating air throughout the surrounding environment, the average air conditioners cost quite a fortune. In terms of Enervent, I propose a new set of pricing considerations which emphasis on acknowledgement of the segments in which the product will be marketed. In other words, the pricing strategy should reflect discounts, bonuses, price competitiveness, etc. Nevertheless, managers cannot ignore the importance of having a valuable product. The psycography of customers sometimes generates new understanding over the behavior of consumers. For one, consumer often mistaken quality with price. Often we find that if we charge higher, people would buy the product more. Managers in charge of the pricing strategy must have considerable sensitiveness toward the behavior of his/her customers. 7.3. Distribution strategy Distribution is also a factor in marketing and selling products. Companies must have provided their officers with sufficient funding in order to prevent lack of funding in the delivery process. Often, the assignment on distribution is in line with order processing stages. In a sense, distribution is an inseparable part of order processing and the process is not over until the products are delivered successfully to customers. In terms of exporting the Enervent, managers of the distribution process should prepare all the necessary export preparation and documentation. Often shipments failed because of the lack of diligence in preparing the required documentation (Basche, 1971). Distribution management includes managing the cost of distribution. In we are to export Enervent as a part of our central operations, than it is important for us to assign the distribution cost to the recipient instead of to our own cost structure. Forwarding freight is crucial in distribution management. Managers of distribution process must also pay attention to other supporting issues like insurance and arbitration. The lack consideration of these small factors could generate problems in later days. In distributing the Enervent, we must also consider the fact that inventory support is crucial for distribution process. Inventory management and warehousing strategies must be accounted to the nature of the product to prevent losses or diminished product quality. 7.4. Promotional activities In terms of advertising and promotion, we have discussed the need to represent Enervent in different ways for different market segments. On the other hand, if reality forces us to choose, we must choose to represent the largest demands on the market. In the Enevernet case, this means promoting the product as the new generation of air conditioning. Promotions can be performed through ‘indirect forms’, like literature, direct mail, etc. There are also a more direct form of promotion which includes exhibitions and trade shows. Often, the presence of a good sales force is also influential to promotional activities. In marketing Enervent, managerial abilities to motivate sales forces are important to promotional activities. This is important considering the product is new in the market. Another way of motivating the promotional activities is by using agents. External agents who receive commissions are generally more motivated to do their job because of the compensation strategy. Reference †Air Pollution Might Affect Lung Development in Children, Study Finds.† 2004. 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